elements of design

Line: The most basic building block of any design.  Line can be used to create more complex shapes or to lead your eye from one area in the composition to another.



Value: The degree of light and dark in a design. It is the contrast between black and white and all the tones in between.

Shapes: The building blocks of any design.  Shapes can be organic (irregular shapes found in nature) or geometric (shapes with strong lines and angles such as circles, triangles, and squares).



Color: The aspect of design that differentiates and defines lines, shapes, forms, and space.  Color can be defined as saturated (maximum color intensity) or monochromatic (limited to tones or hues of one color). Even black and white images have a huge number of different shades of gray.

Saturated
Monochromatic

Space: The area between and around objects. Increasing or decreasing the amount of space around an object affects the way we view the object. Space can by open (the absence of things around the subject/object) or closed (many things around the subject/object).

 Closed

Texture: The surface quality that can be seen and felt. Textures can be rough or smooth. Textures are often implied in photographs.

 

Rough

Smooth

Contrast: The value contrast in an image is either high or low. high contrast refers to a great difference between colors (rich blacks and bright whites) or elements, and low contrast refers to a slight difference between colors or elements

 

High Contrast

Low Contrast